Learning Map

Grammar & Punctuation

From first full stops to complex sentences — 75 skills across 10 years. Every skill below shows what it builds on and how to tell your child has it.

English75 skillsages 4–14

Grouped by the age children typically start each skill. Ages are typical, not deadlines — follow your child’s pace.

Around age 4

Building sentencesages 4–6AC ✓ Spaces Between Wordsages 4–6AC ✓

Around age 5

Basic Nouns & Verbsages 5–6AC ✓ Capitals for Names, Days and Iages 5–7AC ✓ Grammar words: letter, word, sentenceages 5–6AC ✓ Joining Words with 'And'ages 5–7AC ✓ Prepositionsages 5–7 Question Wordsages 5–6AC ✓ Regular Plural Nounsages 5–6 Starting and Ending Sentencesages 5–8AC ✓

Around age 6

Apostrophes: Contraction and Possessionages 6–7AC ✓ Commas in listsages 6–11AC ✓ Determiners and articlesages 6–7AC ✓ Expanded noun phrasesages 6–7AC ✓ Four Types of Sentencesages 6–7AC ✓ Grammar Terms: Nouns, Verbs and Tenseages 6–7AC ✓ Past, Present and Progressive Tenseages 6–9AC ✓ Pronounsages 6–7AC ✓ Subject-verb agreementages 6–7 Subordinate clausesages 6–9AC ✓

Around age 7

Adjectives vs adverbsages 7–8AC ✓ Choosing A or Anages 7–8AC ✓ Expressing Time, Place and Causeages 7–8AC ✓ Grammar Terms: Clauses and Conjunctionsages 7–9AC ✓ Irregular past tense verbsages 7–8AC ✓ Irregular Plural Nounsages 7–9AC ✓ Pronouns for clarityages 7–9AC ✓ Punctuating Direct Speechages 7–10AC ✓ The Present Perfect Tenseages 7–11

Around age 8

Abstract nounsages 8–9AC ✓ Agreement in sentencesages 8–10AC ✓ Comparatives & Superlativesages 8–9 Expanded noun phrases (age 8+)ages 8–10AC ✓ Fronted Adverbials and Commasages 8–9AC ✓ Grammar Terms: Pronouns and Determinersages 8–9AC ✓ Plural vs Possessive in Nounsages 8–9AC ✓ Simple Past, Present and Futureages 8–9AC ✓ Standard English Verbsages 8–9

Around age 9

Adjective Order in Sentencesages 9–10 Brackets and dashes for parenthesisages 9–10AC ✓ Cohesion within paragraphsages 9–11AC ✓ Commas Before Joining Wordsages 9–11AC ✓ Commas to avoid ambiguityages 9–10AC ✓ Converting Words into Verbsages 9–10AC ✓ Expanded noun phrases (age 9+)ages 9–10AC ✓ Fixing Fragments & Run-Onsages 9–10AC ✓ Grammar Terms: Modal Verbs and Clausesages 9–10AC ✓ Linking paragraphs with adverbialsages 9–11AC ✓ Modal Verbs and Possibilityages 9–10AC ✓ Progressive and Continuous Tensesages 9–10 Relative Clausesages 9–10AC ✓ Verb Prefixes and Meaningages 9–10AC ✓

Around age 10

Active and passive voiceages 10–11AC ✓ Bullet Point Punctuationages 10–11AC ✓ Choosing Tenses for Precise Meaningages 10–11AC ✓ Colons and Semicolons in Listsages 10–11AC ✓ Commas After Introductory Elementsages 10–11AC ✓ Commas with yes, no, and namesages 10–11AC ✓ Conjunctions, Prepositions and Interjectionsages 10–11AC ✓ Consistent verb tenseages 10–11 Correlative Conjunctionsages 10–11AC ✓ Grammar Terms: Voice and Punctuationages 10–11AC ✓ Hyphens in Prefixed Wordsages 10–11 Paragraph Cohesionages 10–11AC ✓ Punctuating Clausesages 10–11AC ✓ Punctuating Titles of Worksages 10–11AC ✓ The subjunctive moodages 10–11 Varying Sentence Structureages 10–11AC ✓

Around age 11

Advanced Punctuation for Clarityages 11–14AC ✓ Grammar for Effectages 11–14AC ✓ Literary and Language Terminologyages 11–14AC ✓ Phrases & Clausesages 11–13AC ✓ Standard Englishages 11–13AC ✓ Types of Sentencesages 11–14AC ✓

Around age 12

Verb Voice and Moodages 12–14

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